However, additional effort is needed from the patient. Periodontal examinations, surgical procedures, and dental hygiene with follow-up are an essential part of the treatment protocol. Resultsĭuring 10 years of follow-up, all the grafts appeared well vascularized, aesthetically satisfactory, and without relapse. The treatment plan involved radical exeresis of the mass followed by positioning of an autograft of connective tissue and keratinized gingiva. MethodsĪ total of 20 patients were enrolled and underwent initial, non surgical, periodontal treatment and training sessions on home oral hygiene training. Aim of this study is to describe an operative protocol for the surgical treatment of localized gingival overgrowth analyzing the surgical technique, times and follow-up. Severe overgrowth may lead to impairment in aesthetic and masticatory functions, requiring surgical excision of the excessive tissue. The lesion may involve the inter-proximal spaces, and become so extensive that the teeth are displaced and their crowns covered. Nevertheless, the overgrowth involves the gingival margin with extension to the inter-dental papilla. If your dog or cat is in need of a dental exam or cleaning, visit our website to schedule an appointment at one of our three locations in Colorado Springs, Loveland or Castle Pines.In some pathological conditions, gingivitis caused by plaque accumulation can be more severe, with the result of an overgrowth. The doctors at Animal Dental Care and Oral Surgery are well experienced in successfully treating this common oral disease that inflicts many of our patients. Gingival hyperplasia in dogs and cats is a condition that often leads to worsening of periodontal disease and oral pain if left undiagnosed and untreated. This will provide the best short- and long-term prognosis. Lastly, if the cause is due to periodontal disease, the recurrence of gingival hyperplasia can be circumvented with routine anesthetized dental cleanings and daily oral home care. If the cause is due to medication, treatment will likely need to be repeated while the patient continues to take the medication or the dosage is lowered to lessen this negative side effect. If the cause is breed-related, a COHAT (Comprehensive Oral Assessment, and Treatment) is recommended every 6 months to determine if repeat gingivectomy surgery is needed. Identifying the underlying cause is an important and essential component to understanding prognosis. What is the prognosis for gingival hyperplasia? Pain medication and oral antiseptic rinses are commonly prescribed after a gingivectomy procedure. A biopsy of the affected tissue is recommended when initially treated to determine if other abnormal cells are present. If gingival hyperplasia is chronic, involved teeth may need to be extracted due to periodontal disease. This type of surgery is referred to as a gingivectomy procedure. Treatment for this condition involves the surgical removal of the abnormal tissue and restoring the normal gingival relationship with the tooth. What are treatment options for gingival hyperplasia in dogs & cats? Halitosis, or bad breath, is also very common with gingival hyperplasia. This condition can obviously be quite painful. This condition can also interfere with eating if the overgrowth is quite substantial and the dog or cat bites the tissue while chewing food. In chronic cases of gingival hyperplasia, the tissue can become quite prominent, and in some cases, will completely cover the teeth! The teeth may even appear to be missing when, in fact, they are just hidden under overgrown gums. The material then incites inflammation, leading to a breakdown of the tissues surrounding the tooth. Additionally, periodontal disease is an important contributing factor as gingiva can be reactive to plaque and tartar along the gum line leading to overgrowth.Īlthough seemingly benign, this overgrown tissue leads to an accumulation of plaque, food, hair, etc., within the formed pseudo-pockets. Certain medications, including cyclosporine, some anti-epileptics, and high blood pressure medications can incite gingival overgrowth, as well. It occurs in some breeds more commonly than others, such as Boxers, Dobermans, Great Danes, Labrador Retrievers and Collies. The cause of gingival hyperplasia is varied, with genetics playing an important role. What causes gingival hyperplasia in dogs & cats? There are a variety of causes that impact treatment options and prognosis. If left untreated, it often leads to periodontal disease and oral discomfort. It manifests as overabundant gingival tissue, or enlarged gums, that creates “pseudo-pockets” between the gingiva and tooth surface. Gingival hyperplasia, also known as gum overgrowth, is an oral disease that affects dogs, humans, and, to a lesser extent, cats.
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